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Digital assets and currencies

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Fiat currencies

Altyn

An altyn (Russian алты́н, also алты́нник, altynnik) is a historical Russian currency (symbol: ). The name in Tatar is altın (алтын) meaning "gold", and altı (алты) meaning "six", since it was worth six dengi, equivalent to three kopeck silver, then copper, a small value coin, or 180–206 copper puls.

Fiat currencies

Chechen naxar

The naxar (Chechen: нахар, pronounced [ˈnəxər]) was a planned currency for the Chechen Republic of Ichkeria, a self-proclaimed independent state during the 1990s Chechen separatist movement.

Fiat currencies

Kopeck

The kopeck, also spelled kopek, is a coin or unit of currency used in Russia and some post-Soviet states. It is usually the smallest denomination within a currency system and is equal to 1⁄100 ruble.

Finance

Monetary reform in the Soviet Union, 1961

A monetary reform of the Soviet ruble, also known as the Khrushchev reform (after Nikita Khrushchev, the Soviet leader at the time), took place on 1 January 1961. The reform consisted of the devaluation of the ruble against the United States dollar, and the redenomination of the ruble at a ratio of 10 to 1.

Fiat currencies

Mordovka

Mordovka (Russian: мордовка, pl. мордовки, mordovki) were minted or cast silver and copper plates made in the Middle and Lower Volga region during the 16th to 18th centuries. The obverse side usually featured coarse, stylized images of a horseman, horse, bird, and other figures. The reverse side had inscriptions made from sets of letters, often imitating Russian kopecks. According to the

Banking

Soviet ruble

The Soviet ruble or rouble (; Russian: рубль, romanized: rubl', IPA: [rublʲ]) was the currency of the Soviet Union. It was introduced in 1922 and replaced the Imperial Russian ruble. One ruble was divided into 100 kopecks (копейка, pl. копейки – kopeyka, kopeyki). Soviet banknotes and coins were produced by Goznak in Moscow and Leningrad.