Industry WIKI

In trade, barter (derived from bareter) is a system of exchange in which participants in a transaction directly exchange goods or services for other goods or services without using a medium of exchange, such as money. Barter is considered one of the earliest systems of economic exchange, used before the invention of money. Economists usually distinguish barter from gift economies in many

A buffer stock scheme (commonly implemented as intervention storage, the "ever-normal granary") is a price stabilization scheme in which surplus commodities are bought and stored for later sale during shortages, usually for an individual commodity market or an entire economy.

The real was the currency of the Federal Republic of Central America from the passing of the coinage law of 19 March 1824 to the dissolution of the republic in 1838. Sixteen silver reales equaled one gold escudo, and a coin of eight reales was called a peso. The Central American Republic's real replaced the Spanish colonial real at par and continued to circulate and be issued after the c

The China Consortium, also referred to as banking consortium or financial consortium or four-, five-, or six-power consortium depending on context, refers to two successive cooperative arrangements formed by foreign banks under their respective governments' directions in the early 20th century, to coordinate lending to the Chinese government. These initiatives were resented by Chinese na

Chinese tokens (Traditional Chinese: 中國代用幣; Simplified Chinese: 中国代用币; Pinyin: zhōng guó dài yòng bì) were an alternative currency in the form of token coins produced in China during the late Qing dynasty around the time of the Taiping Rebellion in the province of Jiangsu but not by the Taiping government, which had issued its own currency. Later tokens were again issued in Jiangsu durin

Sir Christopher Anthony Hohn KCMG (born October 1966) is a British billionaire hedge fund manager. As of 2026, he is worth $14.1 billion.

Clericis laicos was a papal bull issued on February 5, 1296, by Pope Boniface VIII in an attempt to prevent the secular states of Europe—in particular France and England—from appropriating church revenues without the express prior permission of the pope. The two expansionist monarchies had come to blows, and the precedents for taxation of the clergy for a "just war" if it was declared a

The Da-Qing Bank (simplified Chinese: 大清银行; traditional Chinese: 大清銀行, lit. 'Bank of Great Qing', Wade–Giles romanization Ta-Ching Bank), also known as the Great Qing Bank, or previously Hubu Bank (or Hupu Bank), was a state-controlled entity established by the Qing dynasty in 1905 to serve as Imperial China's first central bank. It issued banknotes that were intended to unify the Qing d

The De la Huerta–Lamont Treaty (Spanish: Acuerdos De la Huerta-Lamont) was a treaty signed in 1922 between Mexico and the International Committee of Bankers on Mexico (ICBM) on Mexico's substantial debts after the Mexican Revolution.

A financial crisis is any of a broad variety of situations in which some financial assets suddenly lose a large part of their nominal value. A broader reduction of economic activity affecting the whole economy is known as an economic crisis. In the 19th and early 20th centuries, many financial crises were associated with banking panics, and many recessions coincided with these panics. Ot

The history of Kashmir is intertwined with the history of the broader Indian subcontinent in South Asia with influences from the surrounding regions of Central, West and East Asia. Historically, Kashmir referred to only the Kashmir Valley of the western Himalayas. Today, it also denotes a larger area that includes the Indian-administered union territories of Jammu and Kashmir (which cons

The Japanese economic miracle (Japanese: 高度経済成長, romanized: Kōdo keizai seichō) refers to a period of economic growth in post–World War II Japan. It generally refers to the period from 1955, around which time the per capita gross national income of the country recovered to pre-war levels, and to the onset of the 1973 oil crisis.

Jem Bendell is an emeritus professor of sustainability leadership with the University of Cumbria in the UK. He is best known for originating in 2018 the concept of "deep adaptation" for individuals and communities anticipating (or already coping with) the consequences of ongoing climate change. In 2019 he founded the Deep Adaptation Forum to support peer-to-peer communications in develop

Lat money (Lao: ເງິນລາດ) refers to the bar-shaped coinage minted and used as currency in the kingdom of Lan Xang and its successor kingdoms of Vientiane, Luang Prabang, and Champasak. "Lat" is a Lao abbreviation for "talat" or "market," referring to the small denomination currency which may also be referred to as "boat money" or "Ngern Heua." The bar-shaped coinage of Lan Xang could be d

Hasunosora Girls' High School Idol Club is a multimedia project in the Love Live! franchise. It consists of media like anime, manga, and previously the mobile game Link! Like! Love Live!.

The Ministry of the Treasury (大蔵省, Ōkura-shō; lit. 'the department of the great treasury') was a division of the eighth-century Japanese government of the Imperial Court in Kyoto, instituted in the Asuka period and formalized during the Heian period. The Ministry was replaced in the Meiji period.

Piaohao (Traditional Chinese: 票號, literally 'draft banks'), also known as piaozhuang (票莊), huihao (匯號), or huiduizhuang (匯兌莊), in Mandarin Chinese, or Shanxi banks (山西票號) or Shansi banks in English, were a type of bank that existed in China during the Qing dynasty until approximately 1952.

Qianzhuang (Chinese: 錢莊; Wade–Giles: ch'ien-chuang) were local independent Chinese banks in the early modern period, as distinguished from the nationwide bank networks headquartered in Shanxi province called the "Shanxi banks" or piaohao. These banks first sprung up during the Ming dynasty but greatly expanded during the Qing dynasty. Unlike the Shanxi banks, the qianzhuang tended to hav

Renminbi currency value is a debate affecting the Chinese currency unit, the renminbi (Chinese: 人民币 Code:CNY). The renminbi is classified as a managed floating exchange rate currency "with reference to a basket of currencies", which has drawn attention from nations which have freely floated currencies and has become a source of trade friction with Western nations.

Shareholder rebellion occurs when the owners of a corporation work to throw out management or oppose their decisions. Shareholder rebellion may occur at an annual general meeting or through a proxy battle. Shareholders may also threaten to collapse a firm's stock price through concentrated selling.

Tanzania Mercantile Exchange is a commodity exchange in Tanzania. The commodities exchange is put in place to help various farmers access the domestic and global market better and obtain a fair price in selling of their produce. The exchange is currently undergoing training of their staff and has begun pilot trading in Sesame Seeds and Green Grams. The exchange plans to trade in coffee,

In 1896, William McKinley was elected President of the United States. McKinley, a Republican and former Governor of Ohio, defeated the joint Democratic and Populist nominee, William Jennings Bryan, as well as minor-party candidates. McKinley's decisive victory in what is sometimes seen as a realigning election ended a period of close presidential contests, and ushered in an era of domina

The yen bloc (円ブロック, En burokku) refers to a policy of economic imperialism wherein the yen, the currency of the Empire of Japan, dominated over the economies of its colonies and occupied territories. Initially established in Chōsen, it later spread to Manchukuo, Mengjiang, Japanese-occupied China, and Japanese-occupied Southeast Asia.