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Digital assets and currencies

Understand assets, networks and trading mechanics with sources you can check.

Banking

Aleksander Meysztowicz

Aleksander Meysztowicz (Polish: [a.lɛkˈsan.dɛr mɛ.ɘ̟ʂˈtɔ.vit͡ʂ]; 8 December 1864 – 14 February 1943) was a Polish politician, landowner, and social activist. He served as the Minister of Justice of Poland from 1926 to 1928, and the chairperson of the Provisional Governing Commission and the Minister of Internal Affairs in the Republic of Central Lithuania from 1921 to 1922. He was also a

Finance

Anti–money laundering

Anti–money laundering (AML) refers to a set of laws, regulations and institutional practices designed to help financial institutions and other regulated entities prevent, detect, and report money laundering and related financial crime. (Anti–money laundering is sometimes paired with combating the financing of terrorism, using the initialism AML/CFT.) In addition to regulatory and supervi

Trading basics

Appearance of corruption

The appearance of corruption is a principle of law mentioned in, or relevant to, several U.S. Supreme Court decisions related to campaign finance in the United States.

Banking

Baron Danglars

Baron Danglars (pronounced [ba-ʁɔ̃ dɑ̃.ɡlaʁ]) is a fictional character in the 1844 adventure novel The Count of Monte Cristo by Alexandre Dumas, and one of the three main antagonists alongside Gérard de Villefort and Fernand de Morcerf. He begins the story as the supercargo of the merchant ship Pharaon, along with its first mate Edmond Dantès. Motivated by jealousy over Dantès's promotio

Trading basics

Black market

A black market is a clandestine market or series of transactions that has some aspect of illegality within a legal jurisdiction; it may also not be compliant with an institutional set of rules. If the rule defines the set of goods and services whose production and distribution are prohibited or restricted by law, non-compliance with the rule constitutes a black-market trade since the tra

Trading basics

Corruption

Corruption is a form of dishonesty or a crime that is undertaken by a person or an organization that is entrusted in a position of authority to acquire illicit benefits or abuse power for one's gain. Corruption may involve activities like bribery, influence peddling, embezzlement, and fraud as well as practices that are legal in many countries, such as lobbying. Political corruption occu

Trading basics

Corruption Perceptions Index

The Corruption Perceptions Index (CPI) is an index published annually by Transparency International, a German registered association, since 1995. It scores and ranks countries by their perceived levels of public sector corruption, as assessed by experts and business executives. The CPI generally defines corruption as an "abuse of entrusted power for private gain".

Trading basics

Cronyism

Cronyism is awarding positions, jobs, contracts, loans, privileges, or advantages to friends or colleagues. It is used especially in politics, when referring to partiality between politicians and businesses. A person who supports or partakes in cronyism is referred to as a crony, cronie, or cronyist.

Assets

Cryptocurrency and crime

Cryptocurrency has been used extensively in criminal activities, such as investment and romance scams (often called "pig-butchering"), ransomware payments, thefts and exchange hacks, money laundering and sanctions evasion, darknet-market transactions, and off-chain coercion to obtain private keys. Law enforcement notes that investment fraud and laundering are frequent criminal uses of cr

Finance

Dubai Papers

The Dubai Papers are a collection of more than 200,000 documents exposing the Hélin International Group's global network involved in money laundering and tax evasion. First published between 2018 and 2019 in a series of investigative reports by the French magazine Le Nouvel Obs, the leak led to the opening of fraud and tax evasion cases in France, Belgium, and Switzerland.

Trading basics

Economics of corruption

Economics of corruption deals with the misuse of public power for private benefit and its economic impact on society. This discipline aims to study the causes and consequences of corruption and how it affects the economic functioning of the state.

Finance

Embezzlement

Embezzlement (from Anglo-Norman, from Old French besillier ("to torment, etc."), of unknown origin) is a type of financial crime, usually involving theft of money from a business or employer. It often involves a trusted individual taking advantage of their position to steal funds or assets, most commonly over a period of time.

Finance

GoAML

goAML system is a software solution that has been developed in a manner to incorporate a set of processes and analyze reports about potential suspicious transactions and to classify financial transactions of any type. It is designed as a robust mechanism to capture automated data collection, document management, workflow, and statistical requirements conveniently for the decision-making

Finance

International asset recovery

International asset recovery is any effort by governments to repatriate the proceeds of corruption hidden in foreign jurisdictions. Such assets may include monies in bank accounts, real estate, vehicles, arts and artifacts, and precious metals. As defined under the United Nations Convention against Corruption, asset recovery refers to recovering the proceeds of corruption, rather than br

Trading basics

Investigation of 2025 Czech government Bitcoin scandal

Investigation of 2025 Czech government Bitcoin scandal comprises a series of political, legal, and media events following the replacement of Pavel Blažek by Eva Decroix as Minister of Justice in June 2025. This personnel change was precipitated by the outbreak of the so-called Bitcoin scandal.

Trading basics

Kleptocracy

Kleptocracy is a form of government in which those in power use their position to steal or exploit national resources for personal gain.

Finance

Ministry of Finance of Tajikistan

The Ministry of Finance (Tajik: Вазорати молияи Ҷумҳурии Тоҷикистон) is the Tajikistani government ministry which oversees the public finances of Tajikistan.

Finance

Money laundering

Money laundering is the process of illegally concealing the origin of money obtained from illicit activities (often known as dirty money), and converting the funds into a seemingly legitimate source. As financial crime has become more complex and financial intelligence is more important in combating international crime and terrorism, money laundering has become the subject of prominent p

Finance

Mordor, Warsaw

Mordor, also known as Mordor on Domaniewska Street (Polish: Mordor na Domaniewskiej), is a colloquial name for a financial district in the Mokotów district of Warsaw, Poland, within north Służewiec and west Ksawerów. The area is mostly composed of office buildings, including the headquarters of numerous domestic companies, and branches of many multinational corporations. Emerging in the

Networks

Northern Data

Northern Data AG is a multinational technology company headquartered in Germany. It provides GPU infrastructure on demand for high-performance computing in sectors including artificial intelligence, big data analytics, rendering, and cloud computing. Services include a platform for processing large data sets. Formed in 2019 through the merger of Northern Bitcoin and Whinstone, it has two

Trading basics

Offshore financial centre

An offshore financial centre (OFC) is defined as a "country or jurisdiction that provides financial services to nonresidents on a scale that is incommensurate with the size and the financing of its domestic economy."

Finance

Offshore investment

Offshore investment is the keeping of money in a jurisdiction other than one's country of residence. Offshore jurisdictions are used to pay less tax in many countries by large and small-scale investors. Poorly regulated offshore domiciles have served historically as havens for tax evasion, money laundering, or to conceal or protect illegally acquired money from law enforcement in the inv

Trading basics

Rent-seeking

Rent-seeking is the act of growing one's existing wealth by manipulating public policy or economic conditions without creating new wealth.

Trading basics

Slush fund

In accounting, a slush fund is a monetary fund or account used for miscellaneous income and expenses, particularly when these are corrupt or illegal. Such funds may be kept hidden and maintained separately from money that is used for legitimate purposes. Slush funds may be employed by government or corporate officials in efforts to pay influential people discreetly in return for preferen

Finance

Tax haven

A tax haven is a term, often used pejoratively, to describe a place with very low tax rates for non-domiciled investors, even if the official rates may be higher.

Finance

Telexfree

Telexfree (stylized as TelexFREE), a trade name owned by Telexfree Inc., was a multibillion-dollar Ponzi scheme disguised as an internet phone service company. Prosecutors have described it as the largest fraud of all time in terms of the number of people affected - more than 1 million, with victims in various countries. The brand became best known for its operations in Brazil held by Ym

Trading basics

United Nations Convention Against Corruption

The United Nations Convention Against Corruption (UNCAC) is the only legally binding international anti-corruption multilateral treaty. Negotiated by member states of the United Nations (UN) it was adopted by the UN General Assembly in October 2003 and entered into force in December 2005. The treaty recognises the importance of both preventive and punitive measures, addresses the cross-b