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Coin cleaning
Coin cleaning is the controversial process of removing undesirable substances from a coin's surface in order to make it more attractive to potential buyers. Coin cleaning is not advised as it generally decreases its value by removing the coin's patina, the surface valued by collectors. Whether cleaning coins is necessary is a subject disputed among the numismatic community. Those that ar
Trading basicsStandard Catalog of World Coins
The Standard Catalog of World Coins is a series of numismatic catalogs, commonly known as the Krause catalogs. They are published by Krause Publications, a division of Active Interest Media.
Trading basicsToning (coin)
Toning on a coin is the change of colour brought about through oxidization, which forms a thin layer of tarnish on the metal's surface, typically as a result of interactions and chemical reactions with sulfur-containing compounds in the environment. Coin toning can vary in aesthetics, and thus can alternately add or detract from a coin's value. Coins with unusual toning colours or patter