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Digital assets and currencies

Understand assets, networks and trading mechanics with sources you can check.

Trading basics

ICOCA

ICOCA is a rechargeable contactless smart card used on the JR West rail network in Japan. The card was launched on November 1, 2003, for usage on the Urban Network, which encompasses the major cities of Osaka, Kyoto, and Kobe (Keihanshin). It is now usable on many other networks nationwide. The ICOCA area has gradually been expanded, and now includes the San'yo region through the Okayama

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Kitaca

Kitaca (Japanese: キタカ, romanized: Kitaka) is a rechargeable contactless smart card ticketing system for public transport in Sapporo, Japan. It launched on October 25, 2008 and is managed by Hokkaido Railway Company. The card's name is a combination of the word for "north" (北, kita) and the English loanword "card". 北 is also the first character of Hokkaidō (北海道). Like other electronic far

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Manaca

Manaca (マナカ, Manaka), stylized in lowercase as manaca, is a rechargeable contactless smart card used in Nagoya, Japan and the surrounding area in Aichi Prefecture. It launched on February 11, 2011, replacing the Tranpass magnetic fare card system. Since 2013, it has been part of Japan's Nationwide Mutual Usage Service, allowing it to be used in all major cities across the country.

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Nanaco

Nanaco (trademarked in lowercase as nanaco) is a prepaid cash-rechargeable contactless electronic money card, and point based loyalty program used at Seven & I Holdings–owned stores in Japan, which are 7-Eleven convenience stores, Denny's restaurants, and Ito-Yokado merchandise stores. In addition, Nanaco can be used at more than 7,000 third party stores outside the company's group, like

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Nationwide Mutual Usage Service

Japan's Nationwide Mutual Usage Service is a system that enables reciprocal use of the country's ten major transportation IC cards. Launched on March 23, 2013, it allows passengers to use their card across participating public, private, and third-sector transportation systems throughout Japan. As of May 12, 2025, the service was available on services operated by 348 transit operators.

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Nimoca

Nimoca (Japanese: ニモカ, romanized: Nimoka), stylized in lowercase as nimoca, is a rechargeable contactless smart card ticketing system for public transport in Fukuoka Prefecture, Japan. Nishi-Nippon Railroad (Nishitetsu) introduced the system on May 18, 2008. Its name is an acronym of "nice money card", while nimo (にも) in Japanese means "also", as the card is usable also on buses, also on

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OKICA

OKICA (オキカ, Okika), short for "Okinawa IC Card", is a contactless smart card used for public transport in Okinawa.

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Pasmo

Pasmo (stylized as PASMO) is a rechargeable contactless smart card electronic money system. It is primarily used for public transport in Tokyo, Japan, where it was introduced on 18 March 2007. Pasmo can also be used as a payment card for vending machines and stores. In 2013, Pasmo became usable in all major cities across Japan as part of the Nationwide Mutual Usage Service.

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PiTaPa

PiTaPa (Japanese: ピタパ, romanized: Pitapa) is a contactless smart card ticketing and electronic money system used predominantly the Kansai region of Japan. The name PiTaPa from "Postpay IC for Touch and Pay". In the Osaka area, PiTaPa is usable on the Osaka Municipal Subway and New Tram, Keihan Electric Railway, and Hankyu Railway. It launched on August 1, 2004.

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SAPICA

SAPICA (サピカ, Sapika) is a rechargeable contactless smart card ticketing system for public transport in Sapporo, Japan. Sapporo City Transportation Bureau (SCTB) introduced the system from January 30, 2009. The name of the card means "Sapporo's IC card". Sa' (サッ) is also the sound symbolic word for quickly pulling a card out and pi' (ピッ) is the equivalent of "beep". The card is issued b