Industry WIKI

Income is the consumption and saving opportunity gained by an entity within a specified timeframe, which is generally expressed in monetary terms. Income is difficult to define conceptually and the definition may be different across fields. For example, a person's income in an economic sense may be different from their income as defined by law.

The Indonesian Financial Transaction Reports and Analysis Centre or INTRAC (Indonesian: Pusat Pelaporan dan Analisis Transaksi Keuangan, PPATK) is a government agency of Indonesia responsible for financial intelligence. The agency was formed in 2002 to prevent and eradicate suspected illicit financial flows as money laundering and provide information on transnational organized crime and

International financial management, also known as international finance, is the management of finance in an international business environment; that is, trading and making money through the exchange of foreign currency. The international financial activities help the organizations to connect with international dealings with overseas business partners- customers, suppliers, lenders etc. I

International taxation is the study or determination of tax on a person or business subject to the tax laws of different countries, or the international aspects of an individual country's tax laws as the case may be. Governments usually limit the scope of their income taxation in some manner territorially or provide for offsets to taxation relating to extraterritorial income. The manner

Internal Revenue Service, Criminal Investigation (IRS-CI) is the United States federal law enforcement agency responsible for investigating potential criminal violations of the U.S. Internal Revenue Code and related financial crimes, such as money laundering, currency transaction violations, tax-related identity theft fraud and terrorist financing that adversely affect tax administration

The Italian economic miracle (Italian: miracolo economico italiano), or the Italian economic boom (Italian: boom economico italiano), is the term used by historians, economists, and the mass media, first attributed by the Daily Mail in a correspondence from Rome on 25 May 1959, to designate the prolonged period of strong economic growth in Italy after World War II to the late 1960s, and

John Law (pronounced [lɑs] in French in the traditional approximation of Laws, the colloquial Scottish form of the name; 21 April 1671 – 21 March 1729) was a Scottish-French economist and financier. He rose to power in France where he created a novel financial scheme for French public finances known as Law's System (French: le système de Law) with two institutions at its core, John Law's

Julian Hart Robertson Jr. (June 25, 1932 – August 23, 2022) was an American hedge fund manager, and philanthropist.

K2 Sports, LLC, known simply as K2, is an American sporting goods company headquartered in Seattle, Washington, focused primarily on winter sports equipment. K2 operates under the labels K2 Snow and K2 Skates, as well as its subsidiaries Backcountry Access, Ride Snowboards, Tubbs Snowshoes, Atlas Snow-Shoe Company, LINE Skis, Full Tilt Boots, and Madshus brands. Famous users of K2 Skis

Land Bank of the Philippines (LBP), often referred to simply as LandBank, is a government-owned bank in the Philippines with a special focus on serving the needs of farmers and fishermen. While it provides the services of a universal bank, it is officially classified as a "specialized government bank" with a universal banking license.

The lari sign (₾) is the currency sign used for the Georgian lari, the official currency of Georgia. The design was presented to the public by the National Bank of Georgia on 8 July 2014. It consists of a stylized Mkhedruli letter lasi, crossed by two lines. Depending on convention in each nation, the symbol can either precede or follow the value, e.g., ₾10 or 10 ₾, with an intervening s

Leper colony money was special money (scrip or vouchers) which circulated only in leper colonies (sanatoriums for people with leprosy) due to the fear that money could carry leprosy and infect other people. However, leprosy is not easily transmitted by casual contact or objects; actual transmission only happens through long-term, constant, intimate contact with leprosy sufferers and not

Les Fugitifs (English: "The Fugitives") is a French 1986 action comedy film, directed by Francis Veber. It was remade in 1989 as Three Fugitives, also directed by Veber and in Philippines as Tunay na Magkaibigan, Walang Iwanan Peksman! (1994).

This is a list of banking crises. A banking crisis is a financial crisis that affects banking activity. Banking crises include bank runs, which affect single banks; banking panics, which affect many banks; and systemic banking crises, in which a country experiences many defaults and financial institutions and corporations face great difficulties repaying contracts. A banking crisis is ma

This is a list of electronic toll collection systems in use on toll roads throughout the world.

A national development bank is a development bank created by a country's government that provides financing for the purposes of economic development of the country.

The Macanese pataca or Macau pataca (Chinese: 澳門元; Cantonese Yale: Oumún yùhn; Portuguese: Pataca de Macau; sign: MOP$; ISO code: MOP) is the currency of Macau. It is subdivided into 100 avos (仙; sin), with 10 avos called ho (毫) in Cantonese.

The Makati Central Business District (Makati CBD) is a privately owned financial and central business district in the Philippines located in the heart of Makati in Metro Manila. It is politically and administratively known as "Central Cluster" in the West District of Makati. It is different from the Makati civic center known as "Makati Poblacion" which is situated at the northeast portio

Maya (formerly known as PayMaya) is a brand of Filipino financial services and digital payments based in Metro Manila, Philippines.

Med Jones (also known as Med Yones) is an American economist and strategist. He currently serves as the president of the International Institute of Management, a think tank and research organization based in the United States, focused on government, business, and investment strategies. He also serve as an advisory board member at its education subsidiary, the Executive Education Institu

The Microsoft Excel Collegiate Challenge (MECC) is a Microsoft Excel esports competition.

In development economics, the middle income trap is a situation where a country has developed until GDP per capita has reached a middle level of income, but the country does not develop further and does not attain high income country status. The term was introduced by the World Bank in 2007 who defined it as the "middle-income range" countries with gross national product per capita that

The Ministry of Economics, Finance and Industrial and Digital Sovereignty (French: Ministère de l'Économie, des Finances et de la Souveraineté industrielle et numérique, pronounced [ministɛʁ d(ə) lekɔnɔmi e definɑ̃s]), informally referred to as Bercy, is one of the most important ministries in the Government of France. Its minister is one of the most prominent cabinet members after the p

The Ministry of Economy and Finance is a cabinet ministry of the government of Ecuador responsible for overseeing the nation's public finances. The current minister is Sariha Moya since 2025.

A ministry of finance is a ministry or other government agency in charge of government finance, fiscal policy, and financial regulation. It is headed by a finance minister, an executive or cabinet position.

Monetary inflation is a sustained increase in the money supply of a country (or currency area). Depending on many factors, including public expectations, the state and development of the economy, and the transmission mechanism, a sustained increase in the money supply is likely to result in price inflation, a rise in the general level of prices of goods and services, which is usually jus

Money worship is a type of money disorder, with the core driver being the belief that acquiring more money will lead to greater happiness. Individuals with this disorder are obsessed with the idea that obtaining more money is necessary to make progress in life and simultaneously convinced that they will never have enough money to fulfill their needs or desires. Those afflicted with this

Morris Air was a low-fare airline in the Western United States, based in Salt Lake City, Utah. It began scheduled operations in 1992, and was sold to Southwest Airlines in December 1993 for over $120 million in stock. The airline officially became part of Southwest in the autumn of 1994. Morris Air was the first airline in the world to invent e-ticket (ticketless) travel based on the sug

Mr. Money Mustache is the website and pseudonym of Canadian-born blogger Peter Adeney. Adeney retired from his job as a software engineer in 2005 at age 30 by spending only a small percentage of his annual salary and consistently investing the remainder, primarily in stock market index funds.

The Museum of American Finance is an independent public museum dedicated to preserving, exhibiting and teaching about American finance and financial history. It is an affiliate of the Smithsonian Institution. Until 2017 it was located in the Financial District in Manhattan, New York City, but in April 2025 it announced a relocation to Boston, Massachusetts, opening 3 July 2026.

Nationlink is an interbank network and EFTPOS network in the Philippines. Unlike the main Philippine interbank networks, BancNet, ENS, Expressnet and MegaLink, Nationlink does not attempt to compete. Instead, it seeks to complement those networks by extending the reach of ATMs in the countryside, as the main networks are concentrated in urban areas. Its closest competitor is the Encash N

NEC Corporation (日本電気株式会社, Nippon Denki Kabushiki gaisha; an acronym for Nippon Electric Company) is a Japanese multinational conglomerate corporation headquartered at the NEC Supertower in Minato, Tokyo, Japan. It sells IT and network services, including cloud computing, artificial intelligence (AI), Internet of Things (IoT) platform, and telecommunications equipment and software to bus

The Nigerian Financial Intelligence Unit (NFIU) is the financial intelligence unit of Nigeria, responsible for collecting and analyzing disclosures from reporting organizations, in order to produce financial intelligence to other agencies combating money laundering, terrorism financing, and other financial crimes. The agency serves as the secretariat of the National Sanctions Committee

Notaphily () is the study and collection of paper currency or banknotes. A notaphilist is a collector of banknotes or paper money, particularly as a hobby.

Oki Electric Industry Co., Ltd. (沖電気工業株式会社, Oki Denki Kōgyō Kabushiki-gaisha), commonly referred to as OKI (), is a Japanese information and communications technology company, headquartered in Toranomon, Minato-ku, Tokyo and operating in over 120 countries around the world.

The Omani rial sign () is the official currency symbol used for the Omani rial, the official currency of Oman. The design was presented to the public by the Central Bank of Oman on 19 November 2025. It consists stylized Arabic letters ʿayn (ع) in its initial form (عـ) and rāʾ (ر), crossed by two lines. The symbol should precede the value, e.g., 10, with an intervening space.

Orient and Orient Star are Japanese mechanical watch brands owned and operated by Seiko Epson.

Ortigas Center (also known as the Ortigas Central Business District or Ortigas CBD) is a central business district located within the joint boundaries of Pasig, Mandaluyong, and Quezon City, within Metro Manila in the Philippines. With an area of more than 100 hectares (250 acres), it is Metro Manila's second most important business district after the Makati Central Business District. It

Panasonic Holdings Corporation, colloquially known as Panasonic, is a Japanese multinational electronics manufacturer, headquartered in Kadoma, Osaka, Japan. It produces a wide range of products and services, including consumer electronics, rechargeable batteries, automotive and avionic systems, industrial equipment, as well as home renovation and construction. The company is listed on t

The peso is the monetary unit of several Spanish-speaking countries in the Americas as well as the Philippines. Originating in the Spanish Empire, the word peso translates to "weight". In most countries of the Americas, the symbol commonly known as the dollar sign, "$", was originally used as an abbreviation of "pesos" and later adopted by the dollar. The dollar itself actually originate

The Philippine Dealing & Exchange Corp. (PDEx) is a dealing exchange for major banks in the Philippines. The primary exchange of the country for all sectors is the Philippine Stock Exchange.

This article describes the Philippine investment climate.

The Philippine peso, also referred to by its Filipino name piso (from Spanish 'peso')(Philippine English: PEH-saw, PEE-, plural pesos; Filipino: piso [ˈpisɔː, ˈpɪsɔː]; sign: ₱; code: PHP), is the official currency of the Philippines. It is subdivided into 100 sentimo, also called centavos.

The Philippine Senate Committee on Finance is a standing committee of the Senate of the Philippines.

Pine Labs is an Indian multinational Financial Technology company headquartered in Noida, Uttar Pradesh, that provides point of sale (POS) systems and payment systems. Founded in 1998, it facilitates digital payments through Android-based POS machines that are primarily used by retailers in India, UAE, and Malaysia.

The Pineapple Fund was a philanthropic project by an anonymous individual which gave away 5,057 bitcoins to 60 charities. The amount was valued at $86 million in December 2017. Some of the themes supported were medical research, environmental conservation, human rights and psychedelic therapy.

Pinewood Group Limited (formerly Pinewood Group plc and Pinewood Shepperton plc) is a British multinational film studio and television studio company with headquarters in Iver Heath, Buckinghamshire, England. The group runs Pinewood Studios and Shepperton Studios in the UK and Pinewood Toronto Studios in Canada, Pinewood Dominican Republic Studios in the Dominican Republic, Pinewood Stu

Polymer banknotes are banknotes made from a synthetic polymer such as biaxially oriented polypropylene (BOPP). Such notes incorporate many security features not available in paper banknotes, including the use of metameric inks. Polymer banknotes last significantly longer than paper notes, causing a decrease in environmental impact and a reduced cost of production and replacement. DuPont

In economics, potential output (also referred to as "natural gross domestic product") refers to the highest level of real gross domestic product (potential output) that can be sustained over the long term. Actual output happens in real life while potential output shows the level that could be achieved.

In the context of sovereign debt crisis, private sector involvement (PSI) is, broadly speaking, the forced contribution of private sector creditors to a financial crisis resolution process, and, specifically, to the private sector incurring outright reductions ("haircuts") on the value of its debt holdings.

Proximity marketing is the localized Wireless distribution of advertising content associated with a particular place. Transmissions can be received by individuals in that location who wish to receive them and have the necessary equipment to do so.

The Qatar Financial Information Unit (QFIU) is a Qatari government regulatory agency responsible for financial intelligence efforts to combat money laundering and financing of terrorism. Like other national Financial Intelligence Units (FIU) around the world, it requires banks, investment companies, insurers and other financial institutions to report suspicious financial transactions. QF

Qualtrics, LLC is an American experience management company, with co-headquarters in Seattle, Washington, and Provo, Utah. The company was founded in 2002 by Scott M. Smith, Ryan Smith, Jared Smith, and Stuart Orgill.

In economics and finance, the profit rate is the relative profitability of an investment project, a capitalist enterprise or a whole capitalist economy. It is similar to the concept of rate of return on investment. Scholarship has shown that the profit rate has fallen since 1945, especially after the Great Recession.

Reflation is used to describe a return of prices to a previous rate of inflation. One usage describes an act of stimulating the economy by increasing the money supply or by reducing taxes, seeking to bring the economy (specifically the price level) back up to the long-term trend, following a dip in the business cycle. It is the opposite of disinflation, which seeks to return the economy

A relative price is the price of a commodity such as a good or service in terms of another; i.e., the ratio of two prices. A relative price may be expressed in terms of a ratio between the prices of any two goods or the ratio between the price of one good and the price of a market basket of goods (a weighted average of the prices of all other goods available in the market).

International money transfers made by migrant workers and immigrants sending a portion of their earnings to their families in their country of origin are known as remittances. Remittances are an important aspect of the global economy, totaling an estimated $601 billion (USD) for the year 2015. The United States is currently the largest source of international remittances in the world, se

Riddell Sports Group, commonly known as Riddell ( rə-DEL), is an American company specializing in sports equipment for Gridiron football. Founded in 1929 by John Tate Riddell, it was headquartered in Rosemont, Illinois, but in 2017, the company relocated to a new facility in Des Plaines, Illinois.

Robert B. "Bob" Willumstad is a former chairman and CEO of the American International Group (AIG).

The Rochdale Principles are a set of ideals for the operation of cooperatives. They were first set out in 1844 by the Rochdale Society of Equitable Pioneers in Rochdale, England, and have formed the basis for the principles on which co-operatives around the world continue to operate. The implications of the Rochdale Principles are a focus of study in co-operative economics. The original

The Federal Financial Monitoring Service of the Russian Federation (Russian: Федеральная служба по финансовому мониторингу), known as Rosfinmonitoring (Росфинмониторинг), is a Federal Service that was created by a decree of President Vladimir Putin of 1 November 2001, and aimed to collect and analyze information about financial transactions in order to combat domestic and international m

The rufiyaa sign () is the currency sign used for the Maldivian rufiyaa, the official currency of the Maldives. The design was presented to the public by the Maldives Monetary Authority on 3 July 2022. It is based on the Thaana letter ރ, with an additional horizontal stroke. The symbol should precede the value, for example, 10.

Scripophily is the study and collection of stock and bond certificates. A specialized field of numismatics, scripophily has developed as an area of collecting because of the inherent beauty of certain historical certificates, and because of interest in the historical context of many of the documents. In addition, some stock certificates serve as excellent examples of engraving. Occasiona

A service mark or servicemark is a trademark used in the United States and several other countries to identify a service rather than a product.

With respect to public companies in the United States, a shareholder resolution is a proposal submitted by shareholders for a vote at the company's annual meeting. Typically, resolutions are opposed by the corporation's management, hence the insistence for a vote. "Voting has long been recognized as one of the primary rights of shareholders." For publicly held corporations in the United

Sharp Corporation (シャープ株式会社, Shāpu Kabushiki-gaisha) is a Japanese electronics company. It is headquartered in Sakai, Osaka, and was founded by Tokuji Hayakawa in 1912 in Honjō, Tokyō, and established as the Hayakawa Metal Works Institute in Abeno-ku, Osaka, in 1924. Since 2016, it is majority owned by the Taiwan-based manufacturer Hon Hai Precision Industry Co., Ltd., better known as Fo

Skattrannsóknarstjóri ríkisins, also known as the Directorate of Tax Investigations (DTI) is responsible for investigating legal cases where suspicions of tax fraud, tax evasion, or other violations of tax law are found within Iceland. The DTI is accountable to the Minister of Finance.

A slug is a counterfeit coin that is illegally used to make purchases. The object substituted may be an inexpensive object such as a washer or a coin from another country with far lower purchasing power than the coin it is being passed off as.

A smart bond (or blockchain Bond) is a specific type of an automated bond contract that uses the capabilities of blockchain databases that can operate as cryptographically-secure yet open and transparent general ledgers. This is sometimes referred to as Distributed Ledger Technology (DLT). It is one of a class of financial instruments known as a smart contract, "a computerized transactio

Sofina, Société Financière de Transports et d'Entreprises Industrielles, is a Belgian holding company, headquartered in Brussels with offices in Singapore and Luxembourg. As part of the Bel20 index, it is one of the twenty largest capitalisation in Belgium. The company invests in several industrial sectors such as telecommunication (7%), banks and insurance (6%), private equity (6%), B2B

The Standard Catalog of World Paper Money was a well-known catalogue of banknotes that was published by Krause Publications in three volumes. These catalogues are commonly known in the numismatic trade as the Pick catalogues, as the numbering system was originally compiled by Albert Pick, but are also referred to as "Krause" or "SCWPM". Since the mid-1980s the titles have been owned by K

Star Micronics Co., Ltd. (スター精密株式会社, Sutā Seimitsu Kabushiki-gaisha) is a Japanese multinational electronic components and printer manufacturing company headquartered in Shizuoka, Japan. It was founded in 1947 as a precision processor of miniature components, later expanding into automatic lathes, printers, micro audio components, and other fields.

The Superintendent of Finances (French: Surintendant des finances) was the name of the minister in charge of finances in France from 1561 to 1661. The position was abolished in 1661 with the downfall of Nicolas Fouquet, and a new position was created, the Controller-General of Finances.

The Supervisory and Financial Information Authority (Italian: Autorità di Supervisione e Informazione Finanziaria; ASIF), which is guaranteed full autonomy and independence in the performance of its institutional functions, is the central institution in the Holy See and Vatican City State that has exclusive competence for supervision and regulation for the purpose of money laundering, th

Teras Teknologi Sdn Bhd (TERAS), a subsidiary of PLUS Malaysia Berhad (PMB), is a Malaysian global corporation based in Petaling Jaya.

The Law and Jake Wade is a 1958 American Western film directed by John Sturges and starring Robert Taylor and Richard Widmark. The picture was based on the 1956 novel by Marvin H. Albert. The film was shot on location in California's High Sierra mountain range, Lone Pine, and Death Valley in Metrocolor by MGM and in CinemaScope. This film was Robert Taylor's last A-picture as the top-bil

TIBCO Software Inc. is a business unit of Cloud Software Group that provides enterprise software. It has headquarters in Palo Alto and offices in North America, Europe, Asia, the Middle East, Africa and South America.

Tiered service structures allow users to select from a small set of tiers at progressively increasing price points to receive the product or products best suited to their needs. Such systems are frequently seen in the telecommunications field, specifically when it comes to wireless service, digital and cable television options, and broadband internet access.

The Tiger Cub Economies collectively refer to the economies of the developing countries of Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, Thailand and Vietnam, the five dominant countries in Southeast Asia.

A tiger economy is the economy of a country which undergoes rapid economic growth, usually accompanied by an increase in the standard of living. The term was originally used for the Four Asian Tigers (South Korea, Taiwan, Hong Kong, and Singapore) as tigers are important in Asian symbolism, which also inspired the Tiger Cub Economies (Indonesia, Malaysia, Thailand, Vietnam and the Philip

Toshiba Corporation (株式会社東芝, Kabushikigaisha Tōshiba; English: ) is a Japanese multinational electronics company headquartered in Saiwai-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa Prefecture. Its diversified products and services include power, industrial and social infrastructure systems, elevators and escalators, electronic components, semiconductors, hard disk drives, printers, batteries, lighting, as w

Tracfin (acronym for Traitement du renseignement et action contre les circuits financiers clandestins, "Intelligence Processing and Action Against Clandestine Financial Circuits") is a service of the French Ministry of Finance. It fights money laundering.

Trade finance is a phrase used to describe different strategies that are employed to make international trade easier. It signifies financing for trade, and it concerns both domestic and international trade transactions. A trade transaction requires a seller of goods and services as well as a buyer. Various intermediaries such as banks and financial institutions can facilitate these trans

A trading curb (also known as a circuit breaker in Wall Street parlance) is a financial regulatory instrument that the relevant stock exchange organization implements to prevent stock market crashes. Since their inception, circuit breakers have been modified to prevent both speculative gains and dramatic losses within a small time frame. When triggered, circuit breakers either stop tradi

Tradio is a type of phone-in radio program formatted to provide a venue for listeners to freely advertise items they have to sell or trade. The concept is analogous to classified ads in local newspapers and most prevalent in the south and midwest. "Tradio" is a portmanteau of "trade" and "radio". The format is also often called Swap Shop; Buy, Sell, or Trade; Biz Baz; or Trading Post.

Transfast is an international money transfer and cross-border payments company headquartered in New York, with additional offices in India (Kochi, Pune, Jalandhar, and Hoshiarpur), the UAE, Nigeria, and the Philippines. Transfast is owned by Mastercard.

In macroeconomics, particularly in the history of economic thought, the Treasury view is the assertion that fiscal policy has no effect on the total amount of economic activity and unemployment, even during times of economic recession. This view was most famously advanced in the 1930s (during the Great Depression) by the staff of the British Chancellor of the Exchequer. The position can

The Tuloy Foundation, Inc. is a Philippine charitable organization focused on the marginalized youth. It was founded in 1993 by Marciano G. Evangelista of the Salesians of Don Bosco.

Unbound, formerly Christian Foundation for Children and Aging, is a nonprofit international development organization headquartered in Kansas City, Kansas. Unbound was founded by lay Catholics acting on the Gospel call to serve poor families and the elderly. Its sponsorship program provides direct cash transfers to sponsored members who determine how to use their cash benefits to meet the

Varo Bank is an American neobank headquartered in Salt Lake City, Utah. Launched in 2017, Varo was the first neobank to receive a national bank charter from the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency.

Vote buying, also referred to as voter bribery, electoral clientelism and patronage politics, occurs when a political party or candidate distributes money or resources to a voter in an upcoming election with the expectation that the voter votes for the actor handing out monetary rewards. Vote buying can take various forms such as a monetary exchange, as well as an exchange for necessary

The wage unit is a unit of measurement for monetary quantities introduced by Keynes in his 1936 book The General Theory of Employment, Interest and Money (General Theory). A value expressed in wage units is equal to its price in money units divided by the wage (in money units) of a man-hour of labour.

Wolseley UK Limited, headquartered in Warwick, is a distributor of building materials and is the largest trade specialist in plumbing and heating in the UK. It is owned by Clayton, Dubilier & Rice, a private equity firm.

World, also known as World Network, is a humanity verification project and financial network. It was developed and launched as the cryptocurrency project Worldcoin. Among other organizations, contributors to the project include Tools for Humanity, a company founded in 2019 by Sam Altman, Max Novendstern, and Alex Blania. World's stated mission is to provide a reliable and anonymous way t